Frontiers Gut Microbiota Dependent Marker TMAO in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target Frontiers Effects of choline metabolitetrimethylamine N oxide on immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel disease Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link Differential effects of oral and intravenous L carnitine on serum lipids: is the microbiota the answer? Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L carnitine to TMAO through impact on gut microbiota ScienceDirect